Which of the following is a primary risk factor for coronary artery disease?

High blood sugar is a primary risk factor for coronary artery disease (CAD) because it is closely associated with diabetes and insulin resistance, both of which significantly impact heart health. Elevated blood glucose levels can lead to damage of blood vessels and the development of atherosclerosis, a condition where plaque builds up in the arteries, thereby increasing the likelihood of coronary artery blockages. This can result in reduced blood flow to the heart muscle, leading to chest pain (angina) or heart attacks.

Maintaining blood sugar levels within a normal range is crucial for preventing CAD and other cardiovascular complications. Lifestyle modifications, including diet and exercise, play a significant role in managing blood sugar and, consequently, reducing the risk of coronary artery disease.