What is the primary action of beta-blockers?

Beta-blockers primarily function by blocking the effects of adrenaline (epinephrine) on beta-adrenergic receptors, which leads to a decrease in heart rate and blood pressure. These medications are commonly prescribed for various cardiovascular conditions, including hypertension, heart failure, and arrhythmias, because they help to decrease the workload on the heart. By slowing down the heart rate and decreasing the force of contraction, beta-blockers make it easier for the heart to pump blood, which can help alleviate symptoms in conditions where the heart is overworked or under stress.

Consequently, this mechanism of action has a significant therapeutic effect, as reducing heart rate and blood pressure can lead to lower oxygen demand from the heart muscle, improving overall cardiac function and reducing the risk of complications in patients with heart disease.