What is the chronic condition characterized by blood flow blockage in the vessels supplying blood to the legs?

Peripheral artery disease (PAD) is a chronic condition defined by the narrowing of the peripheral arteries, most commonly affecting the legs. This condition results from the buildup of fatty deposits (atherosclerosis) in the artery walls, leading to reduced blood flow. As the blood flow decreases, individuals may experience symptoms such as pain or cramping in the legs during physical activity, a condition known as intermittent claudication.

PAD is significant because it can lead to serious complications, including limb ischemia, cardiovascular events, and decreased quality of life. Management typically includes lifestyle changes, medication to manage symptoms and redefine risks, and in some cases, surgical interventions.

In contrast, coronary artery disease primarily affects the arteries supplying blood to the heart itself rather than the legs. Heart failure is a condition where the heart is unable to pump effectively, leading to fluid buildup and symptoms related to the heart's function, and aortic stenosis is a narrowing of the heart's aortic valve, impacting blood flow from the heart to the body. All of these conditions affect different aspects of cardiovascular health and are not specific to blood flow issues in the extremities like PAD is.