What is heart failure?

Heart failure is defined as a condition where the heart cannot effectively pump enough blood to meet the body's needs. This can occur for a variety of reasons, including weakened heart muscle (systolic dysfunction) or stiffening of the heart (diastolic dysfunction). When the heart is unable to pump adequately, it leads to a series of compensatory mechanisms, which can eventually result in fluid buildup in the lungs and other tissues, causing symptoms such as shortness of breath, fatigue, and swelling in the legs.

Understanding heart failure involves recognizing the underlying causes and how it affects blood circulation and overall health. Unlike conditions that pertain specifically to arrhythmias, hypertension, or valve dysfunction, heart failure encompasses a broader spectrum of cardiovascular issues centered on the heart's ability to function as a pump. As a result, treatment strategies may focus on improving the heart's efficiency, managing symptoms, and addressing the patient's overall health and lifestyle.