What is a primary risk factor for developing coronary artery disease?

High cholesterol levels are a primary risk factor for developing coronary artery disease because elevated levels of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol can lead to the accumulation of plaque in the coronary arteries. This plaque buildup narrows the arteries and reduces blood flow to the heart muscle, which may result in angina (chest pain) or even a heart attack. The relationship between high cholesterol and coronary artery disease has been extensively studied, demonstrating that managing cholesterol levels through diet, lifestyle changes, and medication can significantly reduce the risk of heart-related events.

In contrast, low blood pressure is generally considered a favorable condition that does not contribute to coronary artery disease. Regular exercise promotes cardiovascular health and is protective against heart disease, while low sodium intake is beneficial for managing blood pressure rather than being a direct risk factor for coronary artery disease. These factors play differing roles in heart health, emphasizing the importance of maintaining normal cholesterol levels to reduce the risk of coronary artery disease.